Biodiversity of Aspergillus species in some important agricultural products

Authors:
Perrone, G.
Susca, A.
Cozzi, G.
Ehrlich, K.
Varga, J.
Frisvad, J.C.
Meijer, M.
Noonim, P.
Mahakarnchanakul, W.
Samson, R.A.
Type: Journal Article
Year of publication: 2007
Source: USDA
Collected from: AGRIS
Subject:
agricultural products
products
Description:The genus Aspergillus is one of the most important filamentous fungal genera. Aspergillus species are used in the fermentation industry, but they are also responsible of various plant and food secondary rot, with the consequence of possible accumulation of mycotoxins. The aflatoxin producing A. flavus and A. parasiticus, and ochratoxinogenic A. niger, A. ochraceus and A. carbonarius species are frequently encountered in agricultural products. Studies on the biodiversity of toxigenic Aspergillus species is useful to clarify molecular, ecological and biochemical characteristics of the different species in relation to their different adaptation to environmental and geographical conditions, and to their potential toxigenicity. Here we analyzed the biodiversity of ochratoxin producing species occurring on two important crops: grapes and coffee, and the genetic diversity of A. flavus populations occurring in agricultural fields. Altogether nine different black Aspergillus species can be found on grapes which are often difficult to identify with classical methods. The polyphasic approach used in our studies led to the identification of three new species occurring on grapes: A. brasiliensis, A. ibericus, and A. uvarum. Similar studies on the Aspergillus species occurring on coffee beans have evidenced in the last five years that A. carbonarius is an important source of ochratoxin A in coffee. Four new species within the black aspergilli were also identified in coffee beans: A. sclerotioniger, A. lacticoffeatus, A. sclerotiicarbonarius, and A. aculeatinus. The genetic diversity within A. flavus populations has been widely studied in relation to their potential aflatoxigenicity and morphological variants L- and S-strains. Within A. flavus and other Aspergillus species capable of aflatoxin production, considerable diversity is found. We summarise the main recent achievements in the diversity of the aflatoxin gene cluster in A. flavus populations, A. parasiticus and the non-toxigenic A. oryzae. Studies are needed in order to characterise the aflatoxin biosynthetic genes in the new related taxa A. minisclerotigenes and A. arachidicola.
 

Related Resources

Modelling economic alternatives for tobacco producers: the case of sheep farming

Provider: 
Subject: 
products
agricultural products
animal products
plant products
rural development
agricultural development
agricultural economics

Financial assessment of a new soil heating technology for off-season Asparagus production

Provider: 
Subject: 
products
agricultural products
agricultural economics

Risk Analysis for Off-season Greenhouse Tomato Production

Provider: 
Subject: 
products
agricultural products
plant products
socioeconomic development
agricultural development
economics
agricultural economics
agriculture
agricultural practices

Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Residue Analysis of the Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in Agricultural Products

Provider: 
Subject: 
agricultural products
products
Collected from: 

Strip-based immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products

Provider: 
Subject: 
agricultural products
products
Collected from: 

Land rights, gender equality and household food security: Exploring the conceptual links in the case of India

Provider: 
Subject: 
agricultural products
products
Collected from: 

AGRERI Library

Modelling economic alternatives for tobacco producers: the case of sheep farming

Provider: 
Subject: 
products
agricultural products
animal products
plant products
rural development
agricultural development
agricultural economics

Financial assessment of a new soil heating technology for off-season Asparagus production

Provider: 
Subject: 
products
agricultural products
agricultural economics

Risk Analysis for Off-season Greenhouse Tomato Production

Provider: 
Subject: 
products
agricultural products
plant products
socioeconomic development
agricultural development
economics
agricultural economics
agriculture
agricultural practices

External Library

Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Residue Analysis of the Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in Agricultural Products

Provider: 
Subject: 
agricultural products
products
Collected from: 

Strip-based immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products

Provider: 
Subject: 
agricultural products
products
Collected from: 

Land rights, gender equality and household food security: Exploring the conceptual links in the case of India

Provider: 
Subject: 
agricultural products
products
Collected from: