Historically and in various parts of the world, traditional agricultural cooperatives have played a significant role in correcting market failures, contributing to the achievement of rural development goals, the generation of local social capital, and the provision of incentives for sustaining the environment. However, agribusiness globalization-induced challenges coupled by intra-organisational hurdles have led to the need for a radical redesign of this unique organisational arrangement. The term used to describe the resulting offensive organisations is “collective entrepreneurship.” The goals of this paper are to 1) identify and discuss challenges and critical issues that arise as traditional co-operatives move toward becoming collective entrepreneurship firms, 2) outline a scholarly research whose topics are linked to these challenges, and 3) introduce Complexity Economics as an emerging theoretical framework that might inform the identified research questions.